Research Report

Executive Summary Bangladesh has a target of generating 40% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2041, as per the Mujib Climate Prosperity Plan (MCPP). However, as of the publication of the report, Bangladesh ranks 111 out of 190 countries in renewable energy usage; achieved only 4.59% of renewable energy with installed capacity of 461 MW of renewable energy capacity, mainly from solar power, and has planned another 4115 MW of projects in various stages of development

Dhaka’s severe traffic congestion, declining air quality, and rising CO₂ emissions present urgent challenges for sustainable urban mobility. This paper conducts a political economy analysis (PEA) of fuel-efficient vehicle (FEV) promotion in the capital, where transport contributes 14% of national GHG emissions. With an average car speed dropping to 7 km/h and 3.2 million working hours lost daily—translating to an annual economic loss of USD 2.68 billion—the inefficiencies of